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Human Computer Interaction
The way that an operator interacts with a computer system depends on a
number of factors.
| Physical factors |
determined by the physical arrangement
of the user's workstation and its environment |
| Psychological factors |
determined by the way that the software
interacts with the user. |
User interaction will be affected by the physical environment within
which he or she is operating. In general good working conditions will allow the
user to work efficiently without losing concentration due to fatigue or stress.
Health and safety legislation provides some standards for the physical layout
of workstations and their environment but in general terms human - computer
interaction will be supported by ensuring the following:
- The screen should be visible at all times when required. If the
operator needs to use a telephone then the screen must be readily viewable
while the phone is being used. If data needs to be transcribed from the screen
onto paper then the user must be able to see the screen easily while they are
writing.
- The screen should be positioned so that it does not face a window -
thus avoiding reflections that will make it difficult to use. If this is not
possible then filters and blinds should be provided.
- Sufficient space should be provided to allow the user to work
without being cramped. If the user needs to write then an appropriate surface
should be provided. Even if the user will only operate a keyboard sufficient
space should be provided for them to feel comfortable and uncrowded.
- A sensible colour scheme should be adopted so that the working
environment is pleasant and relaxing. Colour clashes should be avoided.
- The interface should be user-friendly so that the operator can feel
confident in using the system. User confidence can be enhanced by providing
on-line support and help screens.
- Expert users can become frustrated if they are slowed down by
methods designed for novice users. Short cuts - e.g. hot keys should be
provided for expert users.
- The system should make use of human strengths so that the operator
feels valued and competent and also to increase efficiency. The operator might,
for example, be able to set up a more efficient search query by adding
additional criteria based on previous experience and understanding. This makes
use of the human ability to remember and interpret data.
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