Overview of Databases

A well designed database is the most efficient of storing and accessing large amounts of data. A database takes substantially less storage space than a paper based system. It also uses less computer memory / hard disk storage than other package type (for the same amount of data). In a paper based system files get misplaced or lost. Provided proper backup procedures occur data is rarely lost on a database. Searching for specific data is easier and quicker than using paper records.

Databases allow unlikely correlations to be made. For example the fact that a goitre is cases by a shortage of iodine was discovered when the incidence of giotres was compared to their distance from the sea. The two are inversely correlated (in the USA). That is the further you live from the sea the more likely you are to get a goitre. (Goitre is an overgrown or swollen thyroid gland, usually observed as a swelling in the neck --> ).

Databases are extensively used by large organizations. Some people see a significant threat to their civil liberties by the data that is held in them.

The main disadvantages of these large databases is that they require expensive computer equipment to use them. The data protection act is designed to preserve peoples rights. Staff who operate them need extensive training. So they can be well paid.

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